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The bilayer nickelate La3Ni2O7 under pressure has recently emerged as a promising system for high-Tc superconductivity. In this work, we investigate the fate of the superconducting properties in La3Ni2O7 under pressure, focusing on the effects of structural deformation and apical oxygen vacancies. Employing a low-energy effective t-J∥-J⊥ model for the $$3{d}_{{x}^{2}-{y}^{2}}$$orbitals within the slave-boson mean-field approach, we demonstrate that the pairing strength is significantly enhanced in the high-pressure tetragonal I4/mmm phase compared to the ambient pressure orthorhombic Amam phase. Furthermore, by simulating random configurations of apical oxygen vacancies, we show that oxygen vacancies suppress both pairing strength and superfluid density. These results underscore the critical role of pressure and oxygen stoichiometry in tuning the SC of La3Ni2O7, providing key insights into optimizing its high-Tc behavior.

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The recent discovery of superconductivity in the bilayer Ruddlesden-Popper nickelate La 3 Ni 2 O 7 under high pressure has generated much interest in the superconducting pairing mechanism of nickelates. Despite extensive work, the superconducting pairing symmetry in La 3 Ni 2 O 7 remains unresolved, with conflicting results even for identical methods. We argue that different superconducting states in La 3 Ni 2 O 7 are in close competition and highly sensitive to the choice of interaction parameters as well as pressure-induced changes in the electronic structure. Our study uses a multiorbital Hubbard model, incorporating all Ni 3 d and O 2 p states. We analyze the superconducting pairing mechanism of La 3 Ni 2 O 7 within the random phase approximation and find a transition between d -wave and sign-changing s -wave pairing states as a function of pressure and interaction parameters, which is driven by spin fluctuations with different wave vectors. These spin fluctuations with incommensurate wave vectors cooperatively stabilize a superconducting order parameter with d x 2 − y 2 symmetry for realistic model parameters. Simultaneously, their competition may be responsible for the absence of magnetic order in La 3 Ni 2 O 7 , demonstrating that magnetic frustration and superconducting pairing can arise from the same set of incommensurate spin fluctuations.

The effects of Co doping in a series of La3Ni2−xCoxO7−δ samples before and after high oxygen pressure annealing have been investigated. The structural refinemen

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本研究采用六端法对Ruddlesden-Popper镍酸盐双层与三层单晶进行高精度输运测量，自洽提取了面内与面外电阻率。结果发现，样品呈现强本征电子各向异性，面外电阻率表现出非单调温度依赖，揭示了普遍的层间相干至非相干渡越。在压力下，最大超导转变温度与环境压强下的电阻率各向异性成反比，表明更强的层间电子相干性有利于超导。此外，面外电阻率是磁性与密度波序的灵敏探针，而面内电阻率响应较弱。这些结果突出层间相干性作为关键调控参数，既追踪磁性关联，又与超导电性紧密相关，为镍基高温超导的微观理论提供了严格约束。

利用共振X射线散射和光谱学方法，研究双层镍氧化物La₂PrNi₂O₇薄膜中自旋密度波（SDW）序与超导电性的关系。发现超导仅出现在无SDW且氧化学计量完整的区域，而氧缺失则促进SDW序，表明两者发生相分离。进一步通过Ni-L₃和O-K边光谱揭示，超导相具有金属性基态，主要呈现Ni d⁸与氧配体空穴特征；氧缺失导致电子局域化并出现低能激发。结合理论分析，提出配体空穴主要位于层间顶角氧上，形成稳定的层间五自旋极化子态，作为超导双层镍氧化物的基态。研究表明氧化学计量是控制层间耦合及电子结构的关键参数，SDW序并非超导的内在母态。

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通过稳定双层镍酸盐（La,Pr）₃Ni₂O₇超导薄膜并采用保护覆盖层，结合X射线吸收和共振非弹性X射线散射光谱，本研究直接探测了绝缘体、超导体和金属态下的电子结构演化。实验与理论分析表明，面内d_{x²-y²}态构成巡游电子骨架，而超导电性仅在面外d_{z²}-p_z-d_{z²}层间杂化形成相干时出现，此时静态自旋序被抑制，自旋激发呈现强阻尼特征。氧化学计量和外延应变共同调控该层间通道，使超导态局限于一个较窄的层间相干性与关联强度窗口内。这些结果揭示了双层镍酸盐中超导所需的微观要素，并提供了多轨道图像来描述其涌现机制。

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